{"id":8900,"date":"2024-05-16T09:10:26","date_gmt":"2024-05-16T09:10:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de\/?post_type=kommentare&#038;p=8900"},"modified":"2024-05-16T09:10:29","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T09:10:29","slug":"protection-against-sexual-harassment","status":"publish","type":"kommentare","link":"https:\/\/wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de\/en\/comments\/protection-against-sexual-harassment\/","title":{"rendered":"Measures to protect researchers from abuse of power (in particular: sexual harassment)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Guideline 4 of the Code of Conduct assigns the head of a research work unit the task to prevent any abuse of power and exploitation of dependent relationships by implementing suitable organisational measures. In the relevant explanations it is specified that the organisation of the research work unit should ensure that \u201cresearch support and supervisory duties &#8230; [are] &#8230; performed appropriately\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the work environment where academic research is conducted the abuse of power can take various forms. The Code of Conduct does not explicitly mention sexual harassment, but it is certainly one form of abuse of power that also occurs in academia. According to the definition in Section 3(4) of the General Act on &nbsp;Equal Treatment (<em>Allgemeines Gleichbehandlungsgesetz<\/em> \u2013 AGG) sexual harassment is any unwanted and sexually determined behaviour that violates the dignity of the individual against whom such behaviour is directed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>UniSAFE<sup>1<\/sup> \u2013 the largest survey in the European Research Area \u2013 has confirmed that sexual harassment is a structural problem in academia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to this survey the following factors contribute to this dilemma:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>the special dependency relationships<sup>2, 3<\/sup> between researchers during their qualification phase and their lecturers\u2019 and supervisors\u2019 based on the monopoly of the latter in terms of expertise, assessment and power,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the huge status and hierarchy gap between lecturers and researchers in early career phases<sup>2<\/sup>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the difference in employment status between the researchers who are engaged based on notorious fixed term contracts and their professors who are employed as civil servants for life<sup>2<\/sup>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the fact that the lecturers take on a dual role as supervisors and superiors at the same time<sup>4<\/sup>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the researchers&#8217; fear of suffering damage to the career and being banned in social circles<sup>2<\/sup> and<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the temporary residence status of foreign researchers<sup>2<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Universities and research institutions have a duty of protection and care towards their employees. As employers they are subject to the provisions of the AGG. The law requires them to take measures to ensure employees are protected from unfair treatment. This may also include taking disciplinary action in cases of proven sexual harassment, if sanctions are necessary. For this reason, some&nbsp;special legal provisions regarding protection against sexualised discrimination and violence are enshrined in Higher Education Acts of the Federal States and Equality Acts. Additional regulations&nbsp;can be found in the guidelines, directives and collective agreements applicable to public employees issued by universities and research institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;Preventive measures are particularly important. The most common measures to prevent sexual harassment at universities and research institutions are awareness-raising courses, mandatory trainings for leaders and professional development &nbsp;in relation to the subject.&nbsp;In addition&nbsp;creating the spatial and structural conditions that are geared towards avoiding any scary or dangerous situations is needed. Such regulations are usually&nbsp;set out in guidelines issued independently by universities and research institutions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The increasing number of reported cases of sexual harassment&nbsp;means that heads of research units are called upon to &nbsp;add to existing measures. This was confirmed by the German Rectors\u2019 Conference (HRK) in a press release dated 15 November 2023, in which it announced its intention to develop proposals for further measures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"links-block_3bed115ae53825ca006a7a087514e99f\" class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links links\"><h3 class=\"mb05em\">Verweise<\/h3><div class=\"mb05em\">1: Lipinsky, A, Schredl, C., Baumann, H., Humbert, A., Tanwar, J. (2022): Gender-based violence and its consequences in European Academia, Summary results from the UniSAFE survey. Report, November 2022. UniSAFE project no. 101006261.<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/unisafe-gbv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/UniSAFE-survey_prevalence-results_2022.pdf\"  target=\"_blank\">UniSAFE-survey_prevalence-results_2022.pdf (unisafe-gbv.eu)<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">2: Members of the bukof Commission on sexualised discrimination and violence (June 2022) in: Grundsatzpapier zu Sexualisierter Diskriminierung und Gewalt an Hochschulen, p. 2<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/bukof.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/22-06-Grundsatzpapier-SDG_aktualisiert.pdf\"  target=\"_blank\">22-06-Grundsatzpapier-SDG_aktualisiert.pdf (bukof.de)<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">3: Kocher, Prof. Dr. Eva \/ Porsche, Stefanie, in: Sexuelle Bel\u00e4stigung im Hochschulkontext &#8211; Schutzl\u00fccken und Empfehlungen [Sexual harassment in the university context \u2013 gaps in protection and recommendations] (August 2015), p. 11<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"http:\/\/Sexuelle Bel\u00e4stigung im Hochschulkontext - Schutzl\u00fccken und Empfehlungen (antidiskriminierungsstelle.de)\"  target=\"_blank\">Sexuelle Bel\u00e4stigung im Hochschulkontext &#8211; Schutzl\u00fccken und Empfehlungen (antidiskriminierungsstelle.de)<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">4: German Rectors\u2019 Conference, (4\/2018), p.2 in<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrk.de\/positionen\/beschluss\/detail\/gegen-sexualisierte-diskriminierung-und-sexuelle-belaestigung-an-hochschulen\/\"  target=\"_blank\">Gegen sexualisierte Diskriminierung und sexuelle Bel\u00e4stigung an Hochschulen [Against Sexualised Discrimination and Sexual Harassment at Universities] \u2013 German Rector\u2019s Conference (hrk.de)<span><\/span><\/a><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"links-block_e057308a75fec812a70ab953d7d673f8\" class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links links\"><h3 class=\"mb05em\">Zum Thema siehe auch<\/h3><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links \" href=\"https:\/\/wissenschaftliche-integritaet.de\/en\/comments\/avoidance-of-the-abuse-of-power\/\"  >Avoidance of the abuse of power<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">DFG &#8211; German Research Foundation:<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dfg.de\/en\/principles-dfg-funding\/basics-and-principles-of-funding\/equal-opportunities\/general-information\/sexual-harassment\"  target=\"_blank\">Reports of sexual harassment in connection with the DFG\u2019s funding activities<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">Article in kifinfo by the Committee for Gender Balance and Diversity in Research (KIF), Norway:<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/kifinfo.no\/en\/2023\/01\/call-measures-combat-gender-based-violence-academia\"  target=\"_blank\">Call for measures to combat gender-based violence in academia (kifinfo.no)<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">Expansion of measures to combat the abuse of power at higher education institutions: <\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hrk.de\/presse\/pressemitteilungen\/pressemitteilung\/meldung\/hrk-massnahmen-gegen-machtmissbrauch-an-hochschulen-weiterentwickeln-5017\/\"  target=\"_blank\">Press release \u2013 German Rectors\u2019 Conference (hrk.de)<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">Gender-based and sexualised violence in research: <\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gesis.org\/en\/cews\/data-and-information\/research-areas\/gender-based-and-sexualized-violence-in-higher-education\/legal-situation-in-germany\"  target=\"_blank\">Legal situation in Germany\u2013 CEWS (gesis.org)<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">Resolution adopted by higher education institutions in Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg to combat sexualised discrimination, sexual harassment and violence<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/zieheinenschlussstrich.de\/resolution-of-universities-in-baden-wuerttemberg-against-sexualised-discrimination-sexual-harassment-and-violence\/\"  target=\"_blank\">Resolution \u2013 Draw a Line<span><\/span><\/a><div class=\"mb05em\">Expert assessment by Prof. Dr. Eva Kocher \/ Stefanie Porsche:<\/div><a class=\"kodex__comments-full--used-links  outside-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.antidiskriminierungsstelle.de\/SharedDocs\/downloads\/DE\/publikationen\/Expertisen\/expertise_sexuelle_belaestigung_im_hochschulkontext.pdf?__blob=publicationFile\"  target=\"_blank\">Sexuelle Bel\u00e4stigung im Hochschulkontext &#8211; Schutzl\u00fccken und Empfehlungen [Sexual harassment in the university context \u2013 gaps in protection and recommendations] (antidiskriminierungsstelle.de)<span><\/span><\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The working environment for researchers in early career phases should be designed in a way which provides the best support, career advancement and protects them from any form of abuse of power.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","kommentar_cats":[257],"kommentar_tags":[217,224,235,180,181,174],"class_list":["post-8900","kommentare","type-kommentare","status-publish","hentry","kommentar_cats-general","kommentar_tags-abuse-of-power","kommentar_tags-early-career-researchers","kommentar_tags-prevention","kommentar_tags-professional-ethics","kommentar_tags-supervision","kommentar_tags-work-units"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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